Virginia is preparing to enforce one of the nation's most sweeping new restrictions on social media access for teens, requiring parental consent, time limits and age checks for users under 16.

The law, signed by Gov. Glenn Youngkin in May, takes effect Jan. 1, 2026, and applies to any platform that allows public profiles, messaging and shared content feeds.

Senate Bill 854 requires users to use a neutral age screen to determine if a user is under 16 and then secure verifiable parental consent before allowing more than one hour of daily use per service.

It also bars platforms from treating a minor's data as if it belongs to an adult, even when shared through browser plug-ins or common devices.

Virginia joins more than a dozen states that have passed or proposed laws since 2023 to regulate children's access to social media, including Utah, Texas, Florida, Maryland and California. While the details vary, most require age verification and parental consent for minors to create accounts or use apps beyond a time limit.

Privacy advocates say the law could have unintended consequences. Jason Kelley, associate director of digital strategy at the Electronic Frontier Foundation, said the measure may increase data collection rather than limit it.

"Any time a company is required by law to collect more information, there are data privacy risks," Kelley said, noting that platforms may turn to tools like geolocation, facial scans or ID verification to meet the law's requirements.

He also raised legal concerns, pointing out that similar laws in other states have been paused or overturned in court.

"Like similar laws in other states, it's unlikely Virginia's law will survive judicial scrutiny," Kelley said.

He also raised concerns that verification systems may not work for all families.

"These systems don't necessarily take into account a large number of non-traditional families," Kelley said. "Regardless, such restrictions are not enforcing parental authority. They are imposing governmental authority, subject only to a parental veto."

Supporters of the law say it gives parents a stronger role in managing their children's online habits. In a written response, Sen. Schuyler Van Valkenburg's office said the law is enforced under the existing Consumer Protection Act and handled by the Virginia Attorney General's Office.

His office clarified that SB 854 "does not really concern digital privacy" but is designed to create guardrails around kids' use of social media, including time limits and parental oversight.

"We are confident that this will pass muster with the courts because it gets at a compelling state interest in the least restrictive way," his aide wrote.